Nauru 1999

Nauru’s population in 1999 was estimated at 12,000 people, with a growth rate of 1.2%. The economy of Nauru was heavily reliant on the phosphate mining industry, which accounted for around 95% of the country’s GDP. This was supplemented by the fishing and tourism industries. Foreign relations in 1999 were largely positive with the country enjoying strong ties with many Pacific nations and the wider international community. Politically, Nauru had been a multi-party state since 1968 when it formally adopted a democratic system. The ruling party at this time was Naoero Amo, which had been in power since independence in 1968. In 1999, Bernard Dowiyogo was president and had been since 1996. See ethnicityology for Nauru in the year of 2018.

Yearbook 1999

Nauru. Visit Countryaah official website to get information about the capital city of Nauru. President Bernard Dowiyogo was forced to resign in April after losing a vote of confidence in Parliament. He was succeeded by René Harris, Member of Parliament since 1977 and former head of the state phosphate company.

• Also see Abbreviationfinder.org to see the acronym of NRU which stands for Nauru and other definitions of this 3-letter abbreviation.

Nauru joined the Commonwealth in June, where the country was previously an associate member. Three months later, N. entered the UN. The WTO’s decision to adopt the country as a member was unanimous, despite China expressing doubts because Nauru has diplomatic relations with Taiwan.

Nauru Geopolitics

The island of Nauru, with a population of about 10,000 residents and an area of ​​21 km2, holds the record of the smallest republic in the world and is characterized by the absence of a capital. Yaren, the seat of government and the administrative center of the country, is however referred to as the political capital.

Having gained independence in 1968 from Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom – trustees on behalf of the United Nations – Nauru has assumed a form of presidential government and a unicameral parliamentary structure, consisting of 19 members, elected every three years. The proximity of the political class to the electorate means, on the one hand, that the requests of the small civil society of Nauru are promptly heard by the leaders but, on the other, that social tensions and fears for the uncertain economic future are poured out immediately. on the political debate, helping to radicalize it. Since 1989 Nauru has seen twenty changes of government, the last of which, in June 2013, led to the top executive of Baron Waqa.

The political, economic and social situation today is difficult, especially due to the difficulties linked to the labor market. Nauru, historically lacking in infrastructure and food and energy resources sufficient to make it autonomous, has managed, over the decades, to maintain a certain economic vitality thanks to its large phosphate mines, discovered in 1906 by the United Kingdom, intensively exploited for about a century and now almost completely exhausted. The latest available estimates reveal that 90% of the population is unemployed: given the prospects, it is likely that most citizens will be forced to leave the country in the future. Furthermore, since 2005 Nauru has aligned itself with the international banking standards required by the OECD, so that the state legislation, which since 1990 had made the country a tax haven,

The loss of revenues from mineral reserves and illicit banking practices, in conjunction with the economic crisis that has afflicted the country for years, has made Nauru totally dependent on donor countries. In 1993 the island obtained the right to a refund of 73 million dollars from Australia over a period of twenty years, and of 8.2 million dollars from both New Zealand and the United Kingdom: the three countries were condemned by the International Court of Justice for having exploited the phosphate mines of the island to the detriment of the local population and the territory.

Subsequently, in 2001, the administration of Nauru, with the aim of ensuring the stability of economic flows, signed an agreement with Australia under which, in exchange for a reasonable remuneration, it agreed to welcome the applicants in dedicated centers. political asylum expelled from Australia because they entered illegally. In February 2008 Canberra revised its migration policy and consequently the agreement with Nauru was dissolved, but in 2013 the collaboration was renewed. Recently Australia sent some finance experts to the island, who assisted the government in formulating the laws and reforms needed to revive the national economy;

Australia is also responsible for the defense of the island, as foreseen by the memorandum of 2005. On the international level, therefore, the small republic, admitted to the Asian Development Bank in 1991, member of the Pacific Islands Forum since 1971, of Nations United since 1999 and of the Commonwealth since June 2011, it is particularly dependent on economic aid that comes first and foremost from Australia, but also from Taiwan and the Russian Federation, which has provided substantial support since 2009. Aid from Taipei and Moscow derives from an unscrupulous political strategy: Nauru, in addition to focusing pragmatically on the recognition of Taiwan in spite of the People’s Republic of China, in 2009 immediately recognized the self-proclaimed republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, secessionist regions of the Republic of Georgia supported by Russia. Recently Nauru became a member country of the international agency for renewable energy (Irena).